Parts of the United Kingdom could remain at significant risk of flooding for several months following an exceptionally wet start to the year, according to new scientific analysis. The latest data from the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology reveals that rivers in southern and southwestern England reached exceptionally high levels in January, with some breaking historical records.
Invisible Groundwater Threat
Soil saturation in areas hardest hit by relentless rainfall has created conditions for groundwater flooding, where water rises up through the ground. This invisible hazard can suddenly inundate homes without warning. The Environment Agency has issued alerts about this persistent risk, which may continue for months in certain regions.
Regional Impact Assessment
Mark Garratt, flood duty manager at the Environment Agency, stated: "Significant groundwater flooding impacts are probable in parts of Dorset and Wiltshire, with minor groundwater impacts probable in Hampshire and West Sussex. Due to steadily rising levels, minor groundwater flooding impacts are possible in Kent and East Sussex."
Official statistics confirm that Northern Ireland and southwest England experienced their wettest January on record, receiving 170% of normal rainfall. Southern English counties saw one of their five wettest Januarys since 1890. Consequently, river flows surged dramatically, with three rivers recording their highest January flows and two setting new records.
Groundwater Monitoring Results
Monitoring at boreholes across Dorset, Wiltshire, Hampshire, Sussex, and Kent showed groundwater levels at 29 sites exceeding normal ranges. At 28 locations, levels were sufficiently high to pose flooding risks from water emerging beneath properties. Alarmingly, 10 sites reached their highest groundwater levels ever recorded.
Expert Warning About Surprise Flooding
Professor Hannah Cloke, a leading hydrologist at Reading University, explained the unique dangers of groundwater flooding: "Groundwater flooding is invisible. It comes up through the floorboards. It seeps out in the middle of the night, and people aren't expecting it. Unlike river flooding that affects those living near waterways, groundwater flooding can take people by surprise and persist for extended periods, potentially lasting months in some areas."
Meteorological Factors
The Met Office attributes the persistent wet conditions to the jet stream positioned further south than usual for this season. These high-altitude winds have been intensified by cold weather in North America, generating bands of sustained rainfall that have lingered over UK regions. With additional precipitation forecasted, the Environment Agency continues urging public vigilance regarding flood warnings.
